The install process is quite straight forward. Simply select Bugzilla in aptitude or another package manager and let it do all the hard work. There are quite a few questions to answer but they are well explained. If you haven't followed the advice above and made sure the root@localhost account is working on MySQL the install of the Bugzilla database will fail. Unlike some other packages (Bacula springs to mind) the Bugzilla packages lets you have a second shot at installing the database.
Once Bugzilla is installed you will have configuration files in /etc/bugzilla, web site files in /var/www/bugzilla and cgi files in /usr/lib/cgi-bin/bugzilla. This last location was the cause of many problems due to URL rewriting.
The setup I will explain below is for running Bugzilla in it's own sub-domain such as bugzilla.example.com. The setup for running it under an existing domain is slightly different but I suspect most people who are going to be running Bugzilla probably actually want it in its own domain.
In /etc/bugzilla is a directory called sites this directory is used to hold the configuration files for domain level installs of bugzilla. In this directory create a subdirectory called bugzilla.example.com and copy the four configuration files (dbconfig-params, index.html, localconfig, params) in /etc/bugzilla in to it.
Now it is necessary to set up a virtual host in apache to run the site. There are examples in /usr/share/doc/bugzilla/examples but I found them only to be any use as a guide line. The virtual host definition I ended up with was:
ServerAdmin bugzilla@example.com
ServerName bugzilla.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/bugzilla/
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
SetEnv X_BUGZILLA_SITE "bugzilla.example.com"
SetEnv X_BUGZILLA_WEBPATH "/"
The script alias is needed to draw the correct scripts into the bugzilla domain we have created. The two rewrite rules then ensure that all links in the Buzilla application always work. The [N] at the end of the first rewrite rule is needed ensure that requests for index.html actually do end up at index.cgi.
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